Visual presentation of existing household sanitation facilities in Africa
Improved sanitation facilities ensure that human excreta is hygienically separated from human contact, for example: cistern flush/pour flush (to piped sewer system, septic tank, pit latrine), ventilated improved (VIP) latrine, pit latrine with slab, and composting toilet (World Health Organization [WHO]/United Nations Children’s Fund [UNICEF] 2013).
Most people in Africa rely on on-site sanitation facilities such as pit latrines and septic tanks, which generate faecal sludge that may require emptying when full. Less than 20 per cent of the population in sub-Saharan Africa is connected to a sewerage network, which is mainly found in urban highincome areas (Strande 2014).
Both on-site sanitation facilities and sewerage systems are potential sources of pathogens, organic matter and nutrients, which need to be well managed.
Year: 2020
From collection: Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa - Wastewater Streams
Cartographer: GRID-Arendal