Executive Summary
2.1. Introduction
2.1.1. Physical Geography
2.1.2. People and Natural Resources
2.3. Vulnerabilities and Potential Impacts for Key Sectors
2.3.1.1. Introduction
2.3.1.2. Climatic Driving Forces
2.3.1.3. Soils, Plant Growth, and Land Degradation
2.3.1.4. Forest and Woodland Ecosystems
2.3.1.5. Rangelands
2.3.1.6. Deserts
2.3.1.7. Mountain Regions
2.3.1.8. Adaptation and Vulnerability2.3.2. Hydrology and Water Resources
2.3.2.1. Hydrological Systems
2.3.2.2. Water Supply
2.3.2.3. Adaptation and Vulnerability2.3.3. Agriculture and Food Security
2.3.3.1. Socioeconomic Vulnerability
2.3.3.2. Food and Fiber Production2.3.3.2.1. Present agriculture
2.3.3.2.2. Impacts of climate change
2.3.3.2.3. Adaptation and vulnerability2.3.3.3. Marine and Riverine Fisheries
2.3.3.3.1. Vulnerability of fisheries resources
2.3.3.3.2. Adaptation options for fisheries resources2.3.4.1. Vulnerability and Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Zones
2.3.4.1.1. Egypt
2.3.4.1.2. Nigeria
2.3.4.1.3. Senegal
2.3.4.1.4. Cote d'Ivoire
2.3.4.1.5. The Gambia
2.3.4.1.6. Tanzania2.3.4.2. Adaptation Strategies and Measures in the Coastal Zone
2.3.5. Human Settlements, Energy, Industry, and Transport
2.3.5.1. Human Settlements
2.3.5.2. Energy
2.3.5.3. Industry
2.3.5.4. Transport
2.3.5.5. Mitigation and Adaptation: Response Options2.3.6. Wildlife, Tourism, and Recreation
2.4. Integrated Assessment of Potential Impacts
2.5. Major Challenges Ahead for Africa
Edited by: MARUFU C. ZINYOWERA (ZIMBABWE), BUBU P. JALLOW (THE GAMBIA), R. SHAKESPEARE MAYA (ZIMBABWE), H.W.O OKOTH-OGENDO (KENYA)
Lead Authors: L.F. Awosika (Nigeria), E.S. Diop (Senegal), T.E. Downing (UK), M. El-Raey (Egypt), D. Le Sueur (South Africa), C.H.D. Magadza (Zimbabwe), S. Tour� (Cote d'Ivoire), C. Vogel (South Africa)
Contributors: E.L. Edroma (Uganda), A. Joubert (South Africa),
W. Marume (Zimbabwe), S.L. Unganai (Zimbabwe), D. Yates (USA)
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