IPCC SRES Emissions Scenarios - Version 1.1
World - B2 ASF 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
Population Million 5256 6091 6870 7650 8277 9072 9367 9632 9771 10132 10341 10414
GNP/GDP (mex) Trillion US$ 20.3 26.1 33.8 43.3 54.8 76.3 85.7 104.8 116.3 158.9 214.6 237.9
GNP/GDP (ppp) Trillion (1990 prices)
Final Energy EJ
Non-commercial
Solids 53 55 66 71 64 57 49 49 48 48 48 48
Liquids 118 156 194 254 271 288 305 317 329 353 391 428
Gas 49 55 70 98 121 144 167 177 187 190 186 183
Electricity 41 50 67 89 116 144 171 185 199 216 234 253
Others
Total 261 316 397 512 572 632 692 727 763 807 859 912
Primary Energy EJ
Coal 94 99 124 146 197 247 297 363 430 489 541 594
Oil 136 181 232 305 273 240 207 136 65 24 13 2
Gas 73 78 99 140 180 220 260 268 276 273 258 243
Nuclear 8 11 10 9 12 15 17 19 21 22 24 25
Biomass 0 0 4 8 28 49 69 88 108 125 141 156
Other Renewables 8 11 16 24 31 39 46 52 58 70 86 103
Total 319 380 486 633 721 809 897 927 957 1002 1062 1122
Cumulative Resources Use ZJ
Coal 0.0 1.0 2.2 3.5 5.3 7.5 10.2 13.5 17.5 22.1 27.3 33.0
Oil 0.0 1.7 3.8 6.5 9.4 11.9 14.1 15.8 16.7 17.1 17.2 17.3
Gas 0.0 0.8 1.7 2.9 4.5 6.5 8.9 11.6 14.3 17.1 19.7 22.2
Cumulative CO2 Emissions GtC 0.0 75.3 165.1 278.6 415.9 567.3 726.2 890.1 1056.7 1227.3 1405.3 1592.1
Carbon Sequestraction GtC -1.8 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.6 -2.0 -1.6 -2.0 -1.9 -1.5 -1.8
Land Use Million ha
Cropland
Grasslands
Energy Biomass
Forest
Others
Total
Anthropogenic Emissions (standardized)
Fossil Fuel CO2 GtC 5.99 6.90 8.85 11.48 13.60 14.51 15.42 15.93 16.43 17.13 18.03 18.93
Other CO2 GtC 1.11 1.07 1.12 1.25 1.15 1.00 0.85 0.60 0.35 0.22 0.21 0.20
Total CO2 GtC 7.10 7.97 9.97 12.73 14.75 15.51 16.27 16.52 16.78 17.35 18.24 19.13
CH4 total MtCH4 310 323 367 414 459 493 527 545 563 579 593 607
N2O total MtN2O-N 6.7 7.0 8.0 9.5 10.5 11.0 11.5 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.0 12.0
SOx total MtS 70.9 69.0 77.2 101.3 108.1 97.4 86.8 68.1 49.4 38.7 36.0 33.3
CFC/HFC/HCFC MtC eq. 1672 883 786 299 272 315 346 413 483 548 603 649
PFC MtC eq. 32 25 42 55 70 88 107 120 128 130 127 121
SF6 MtC eq. 38 40 48 55 60 76 79 80 74 63 65 69
CO MtCO 879 877 984 1077 1233 1275 1318 1361 1405 1485 1600 1716
NMVOC Mt 139 141 157 180 199 205 211 221 230 248 276 304
NOx  MtN 31 32 41 52 61 64 66 66 66 68 72 77
OECD90 - B2 ASF 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
Population Million 848 916 947 978 990 979 976 963 957 941 930 928
GNP/GDP (mex) Trillion US$ 15.4 19.1 23.1 27.0 30.9 37.0 39.4 43.8 46.2 54.3 64.2 68.0
GNP/GDP (ppp) Trillion (1990 prices)
Final Energy EJ
Non-commercial
Solids 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12
Liquids 68 86 92 97 91 85 78 75 72 73 77 82
Gas 27 30 32 35 38 40 43 45 47 48 46 45
Electricity 23 27 33 39 41 43 45 47 49 53 58 62
Others
Total 130 156 168 183 182 181 180 180 181 185 194 202
Primary Energy EJ
Coal 33 30 34 39 54 68 83 92 102 109 116 122
Oil 77 97 108 117 94 71 47 29 11 2 1 0
Gas 35 38 41 48 55 61 68 69 69 68 64 60
Nuclear 6 9 8 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 8 8
Biomass 0 0 1 2 8 13 18 19 21 23 25 28
Other Renewables 5 6 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 21 25
Total 156 180 200 223 227 230 234 229 225 226 235 244
Cumulative Resources Use ZJ
Coal 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.5 2.1 2.9 3.8 4.7 5.8 6.9 8.1
Oil 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.1 4.2 5.0 5.5 5.9 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1
Gas 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.8 2.3 3.0 3.7 4.4 5.0 5.7 6.3
Cumulative CO2 Emissions GtC 0.0 30.1 64.0 101.8 143.3 186.1 228.5 270.1 310.4 349.9 389.7 430.3
Carbon Sequestraction GtC
Land Use Million ha
Cropland
Grasslands
Energy Biomass
Forest
Others
Total
Anthropogenic Emissions (standardized)
Fossil Fuel CO2 GtC 2.83 3.20 3.57 3.99 4.30 4.26 4.22 4.09 3.97 3.94 4.02 4.10
Other CO2 GtC 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total CO2 GtC 2.83 3.20 3.57 3.99 4.30 4.26 4.22 4.09 3.97 3.94 4.02 4.10
CH4 total MtCH4 73 74 77 81 85 87 89 90 91 93 96 99
N2O total MtN2O-N 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5
SOx total MtS 22.7 17.0 8.0 8.5 8.7 8.5 8.3 7.5 6.8 6.7 7.4 8.1
HFC MtC eq. 19 57 105 99 102 101 102 101 100 98 98 97
PFC MtC eq. 18 13 14 13 12 11 10 8 7 7 7 7
SF6 MtC eq. 24 23 25 23 17 13 13 11 10 11 10 10
CO MtCO 179 161 167 170 161 135 110 105 100 102 110 119
NMVOC Mt 42 36 40 43 43 39 36 35 34 35 37 40
NOx  MtN 13 12 14 16 16 15 14 13 12 12 12 13
REF - B2 ASF 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
Population Million 416 415 416 417 415 408 406 398 394 385 380 379
GNP/GDP (mex) Trillion US$ 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.6 2.3 3.5 4.1 5.1 5.7 7.9 10.8 11.9
GNP/GDP (ppp) Trillion (1990 prices)
Final Energy EJ
Non-commercial
Solids 18 11 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 4 3
Liquids 16 11 11 13 14 14 15 15 15 16 18 19
Gas 15 11 14 17 19 21 23 22 21 20 18 16
Electricity 8 7 9 11 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 10
Others
Total 56 39 44 51 52 54 55 53 52 50 50 49
Primary Energy EJ
Coal 23 12 14 15 16 16 16 14 11 12 15 19
Oil 18 12 13 16 16 17 17 14 10 6 3 0
Gas 26 21 24 30 30 29 29 27 25 23 21 18
Nuclear 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Biomass 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 9 12 13 15
Other Renewables 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
Total 68 48 55 64 65 66 67 63 59 57 57 58
Cumulative Resources Use ZJ
Coal 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6
Oil 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3
Gas 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
Cumulative CO2 Emissions GtC 0.0 11.0 20.7 31.7 43.7 55.4 66.4 76.5 85.7 94.0 102.1 110.2
Carbon Sequestraction GtC
Land Use Million ha
Cropland
Grasslands
Energy Biomass
Forest
Others
Total
Anthropogenic Emissions (standardized)
Fossil Fuel CO2 GtC 1.30 0.91 1.03 1.17 1.21 1.14 1.06 0.96 0.86 0.81 0.81 0.81
Other CO2 GtC 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total CO2 GtC 1.30 0.91 1.03 1.17 1.21 1.14 1.06 0.96 0.86 0.81 0.81 0.81
CH4 total MtCH4 47 39 41 46 55 63 71 76 82 87 91 95
N2O total MtN2O-N 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
SOx total MtS 17.0 11.0 10.9 10.9 9.6 7.5 5.3 4.5 3.6 2.8 1.9 1.0
HFC MtC eq. 0 4 9 15 21 25 25 26 26 26 27 27
PFC MtC eq. 7 4 8 10 14 19 25 28 30 30 28 27
SF6 MtC eq. 7 6 5 7 9 12 15 16 15 14 14 14
CO MtCO 69 41 40 39 45 46 48 49 51 55 61 67
NMVOC Mt 16 13 15 20 25 26 27 25 22 22 25 27
NOx  MtN 5 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
ASIA - B2 ASF 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
Population Million 2776 3248 3617 3986 4270 4584 4696 4769 4806 4899 4951 4968
GNP/GDP (mex) Trillion US$ 1.5 2.5 4.1 6.6 9.7 16.5 19.7 26.3 30.4 46.2 67.6 76.7
GNP/GDP (ppp) Trillion (1990 prices)
Final Energy EJ
Non-commercial
Solids 22 31 41 46 38 29 21 20 19 19 18 17
Liquids 14 26 43 72 83 95 106 115 124 138 156 174
Gas 2 5 10 22 32 42 51 55 60 61 59 57
Electricity 6 10 16 24 43 62 81 86 92 97 103 108
Others
Total 43 72 110 163 195 227 259 277 295 314 335 356
Primary Energy EJ
Coal 33 49 65 77 101 126 151 184 218 245 265 286
Oil 17 34 55 88 79 71 63 38 14 1 1 0
Gas 4 7 15 29 50 71 92 96 100 97 89 80
Nuclear 0 1 1 2 4 6 9 9 10 11 11 11
Biomass 0 0 1 3 7 12 17 18 20 22 24 26
Other Renewables 1 2 4 6 11 15 19 22 24 29 35 42
Total 55 92 140 205 253 302 351 368 386 404 425 445
Cumulative Resources Use ZJ
Coal 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.7 2.6 3.8 5.2 6.9 8.9 11.2 13.8 16.5
Oil 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.4 2.3 3.0 3.7 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4
Gas 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.4 2.2 3.2 4.1 5.1 6.1 6.9
Cumulative CO2 Emissions GtC 0.0 17.8 43.3 80.4 129.2 186.8 251.1 320.8 394.3 471.6 552.7 637.6
Carbon Sequestraction GtC
Land Use Million ha
Cropland
Grasslands
Energy Biomass
Forest
Others
Total
Anthropogenic Emissions (standardized)
Fossil Fuel CO2 GtC 1.15 1.78 2.73 3.94 5.08 5.84 6.59 7.03 7.47 7.89 8.27 8.66
Other CO2 GtC 0.37 0.26 0.35 0.40 0.34 0.26 0.18 0.13 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01
Total CO2 GtC 1.53 2.03 3.07 4.34 5.42 6.10 6.77 7.16 7.54 7.92 8.30 8.67
CH4 total MtCH4 113 125 144 159 176 191 206 212 217 220 221 221
N2O total MtN2O-N 2.3 2.6 3.2 4.0 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6
SOx total MtS 17.7 25.3 39.6 56.4 59.3 52.1 45.0 31.7 18.4 11.0 9.3 7.7
HFC MtC eq. 0 5 21 40 66 95 130 164 199 233 267 302
PFC MtC eq. 3 5 14 22 30 38 46 51 54 54 53 51
SF6 MtC eq. 4 7 12 18 25 32 36 36 33 27 29 30
CO MtCO 235 270 326 369 438 470 502 533 565 611 672 734
NMVOC Mt 33 37 41 46 50 52 54 57 60 64 70 76
NOx  MtN 7 9 13 18 22 24 27 27 28 29 30 32
ALM - B2 ASF 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
Population Million 1216 1511 1890 2269 2603 3100 3289 3502 3615 3908 4080 4139
GNP/GDP (mex) Trillion US$ 2.4 3.6 5.4 8.2 11.8 19.2 22.6 29.7 34.0 50.5 72.1 81.2
GNP/GDP (ppp) Trillion (1990 prices)
Final Energy EJ
Non-commercial
Solids 1 1 2 3 5 7 9 10 11 13 14 15
Liquids 21 33 47 72 83 94 106 112 117 127 139 152
Gas 5 8 14 25 33 41 49 54 59 62 63 65
Electricity 4 6 10 16 22 28 35 41 48 55 64 73
Others
Total 31 49 74 115 143 171 198 217 235 257 281 305
Primary Energy EJ
Coal 4 7 10 15 26 37 48 73 99 123 145 167
Oil 25 38 56 85 83 81 79 54 30 14 8 1
Gas 8 12 19 32 45 58 71 77 82 84 84 84
Nuclear 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
Biomass 0 0 2 3 13 23 34 46 58 69 79 88
Other Renewables 1 2 4 5 7 9 12 14 16 20 26 31
Total 39 60 91 141 176 210 245 267 288 314 345 375
Cumulative Resources Use ZJ
Coal 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.8 2.7 3.8 5.2 6.7
Oil 0.0 0.3 0.8 1.5 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.6 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.4
Gas 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.6 4.5 5.3 6.1
Cumulative CO2 Emissions GtC 0.0 16.4 37.0 64.6 99.8 139.0 180.1 222.7 266.3 311.8 360.7 414.1
Carbon Sequestraction GtC
Land Use Million ha
Cropland
Grasslands
Energy Biomass
Forest
Others
Total
Anthropogenic Emissions (standardized)
Fossil Fuel CO2 GtC 0.72 1.01 1.52 2.38 3.00 3.28 3.55 3.84 4.13 4.50 4.93 5.36
Other CO2 GtC 0.73 0.82 0.78 0.85 0.82 0.74 0.66 0.47 0.28 0.18 0.19 0.19
Total CO2 GtC 1.45 1.83 2.30 3.22 3.82 4.02 4.21 4.31 4.41 4.68 5.12 5.55
CH4 total MtCH4 77 85 105 128 143 151 160 166 173 179 185 191
N2O total MtN2O-N 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3
SOx total MtS 10.5 12.8 15.6 22.5 27.5 26.3 25.2 21.4 17.5 15.2 14.4 13.5
HFC MtC eq. 0 2 12 20 32 54 84 120 157 190 211 223
PFC MtC eq. 4 4 7 10 14 20 27 33 37 39 39 37
SF6 MtC eq. 3 5 5 7 9 20 16 17 15 11 13 14
CO MtCO 396 404 451 499 590 624 658 674 689 717 757 797
NMVOC Mt 48 55 61 71 81 88 95 104 114 127 143 160
NOx  MtN 7 8 10 14 18 20 22 23 24 25 27 29