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Lake Naivasha, Kenya Lake Naivasha is a freshwater lake in the Rift Valley North-West of Nairobi. The lake and its surrounding swamps, grass- and woodlands are home to a high diversity of wildlife, among them more than 400 bird species and a...

By Peter Prokosch

Glacier front with blue ice, Svalbard Glacial ice appears blue under immense pressure. Snow falling onto ice is compressed as the glacier winds its way through valleys, to a body of water (river, lake, ocean etc.) During its travels, air bubbles trapped in t...

By Peter Prokosch

Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus,) Porsanger Fjord The Horned Grebe or Slavonian Grebe, Podiceps auritus, is a member of the grebe family of water birds. It appears in Northern Norway (here at a breeding site at the Porsanger fjord) when in May the lake ice is opening. ...

By Peter Prokosch

Irrigation system, Nepal One of the chief challenges in the coming decades will be to capture and store excess water during periods of high water availability. We are likely to experience more extreme melting, as well as extreme events of ra...

By Lawrence Hislop

Himalayas Over half of the world’s population lives in watersheds of major rivers originating in mountains with glaciers and snow. A warming climate is now causing a global recession in glaciers, and some areas may lose thei...

By Lawrence Hislop

Meat drying, Nepal By 2050, as projected by FAO, global cereal production needs to be around 3000 million tonnes in order to meet demand. However, some estimates suggest that due to environmental degradation in the watersheds, flood...

By Lawrence Hislop

Crop in Nepal Downstream impacts of changes in water flow from high mountain glaciers may affect different aspects of human livelihoods. The agricultural and food production systems will be affected by water stress. UNDP (2006) ...

By Lawrence Hislop

township nearby the Himalayas Pakistan has one of the largest man-made contiguous irrigation systems in the Indus basin which is based on the water available from the Indus River and its tributaries. Part of the Indus river flow is provided by glacia...

By Lawrence Hislop

Township in Nepal Flash floods pose a serious threat to people in mountain regions and have severe downstream effects. In contrast to most glacial lake outburst floods which occur in sparsely populated high mountain regions, a large p...

By Lawrence Hislop

agricultural land around the Himalyas Climate change scenarios for the next about 50 years project higher temperatures in the high Himalayas resulting in more rapid melting of the glaciers which are an important source of water of the Pakistani river...

By Lawrence Hislop

Himalayan river bridge Impacts of the shrinkage and disappearance of mountain glaciers include changes in the flow characteristics of glacierfed rivers, glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Andes and Asia, and changing flood severit...

By Lawrence Hislop

Agricultural land, Nepal Changes in glacier regimes and runoff from snow and ice, combined with changes in precipitation timing and intensity will most likely increase human vulnerability in many areas. Livelihoods are affected as climat...

By Lawrence Hislop

Agricultural land, Nepal The irrigated cropland in the basins of the Asian rivers originating in the Himalayas that are most dependent upon the mountains for water flow, comprises approximately 857,830,000 ha. Water from the Hindu Kush-Himala...

By Lawrence Hislop

cattle, Nepal The Himalayas are the origin of major river systems that support some 3 billion people in 18 countries. In the future, many regions will undoubtedly experience water scarcity (UNEP 2010) due to a reduction in glacial i...

By Lawrence Hislop

Irrigation channel, Nepal Irrigation systems and pipelines from major rivers should be developed, maintained and improved. Necessary training, revival of old knowledge and implementation of new greener irrigation technology will require funds a...

By Lawrence Hislop

Road construction, Nepal In Nepal, mountain infrastructure such as hydropower plants, roads, bridges and communication systems are at risk with climate change and more variability in water runoff. With increased frequencies of landslides and...

By Lawrence Hislop

Fish, Nepal Glacier melt inputs to rivers can affect the ecosystems in a number of ways, including habitat changes such as stream temperatures, sediment concentrations, water chemistry and nutrient availability, or through the...

By Lawrence Hislop

_mg_6798 UNEP/GRID-Arendal's report 'High mountain glaciers and climate change, Challenges to human livelihoods and adaptation' highlights the vulnerability and exposure of people dependent upon these rivers to floods, droughts...

By Lawrence Hislop

Agricultural produce, Nepal Given the high level of uncertainty regarding future runoff levels, and also the highly variable contribution of glacial water and snowmelt from the mountains, future agricultural production faces significant uncer...

By Lawrence Hislop

Kathmandu, Nepal The glacial contribution to river flow varies greatly, both annually and within and between catchments. The hydrological significance of glacier runoff also depends on other components of the hydrological cycle, such...

By Lawrence Hislop

Mangrove forest, Kenya Mangrove forest, Lamu, Kenya.

By Peter Prokosch

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