In percentage of all CFC uses in the US

Note: 26 reporting countries only. Emissions under 1 000 tonnes are not represented.

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Predicted abundance throughout the years

The Global Solar UV Index (UVI) is a simple measurement of the UV radiation level at the Earth's surface. It has been designed to indicate the potential for adverse health effects and to encourage people to protect themselves. The higher the Index value, the greater the potential for damage to the skin and eye, and the less time it takes for harm to occur. In countries close to the equator, the UVI can be as much as 20. Summertime values in nort...

Depicting thousand ozone depleting potential tonnes.

‘Banks’ are the total amount of substances contained in existing equipment, chemical stockpiles, foams and other products not yet released to the atmosphere or destroyed in destruction facilities.

No data

Ozone depletion and climate change are two distinct problems but as they both modify global Earth cycles, they cannot be totally separated. There are still many uncertainties concerning the relations between the two processes.

According to the 2007 IPCC report, global average sea level rise will vary from 18 cm to 59 cm by 2100. The IPCC models did not account for the accelerated melting of ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica. Some of the latest research, however, estimates a global sea level rise of between 0.6 and 1.2 metres by 2100.

Partners include policy and research organisations, non-governmental organisations, indigenous people organisations and communities, multinational bodies and governmental supporters in over 20 Arctic and SIDS (Small Island Developing States) states.

In the Arctic, impacts of climate change will include increased coastal erosion. For Arctic human communities impacts are projected to be mixed, with detrimental impacts expected on infrastructure and traditional indigenous ways of life in these regions. Food security for some subsistence systems will be threatened through changes in natural ecosystems.

World carbon dioxide emissions by region, 1950-2006. Under the terms of the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), countries that have contributed the most greenhouse gas emissions have a responsibility to dramatically cut emissions and to assist the most vulnerable peoples and regions to adapt.

The greatest reduction in Arctic summer sea ice extent since satellite observations began occurred in 2007, with the following two years experiencing the second and third biggest reductions. The Greenland ice sheet is currently losing more than 250 cubic km a year – faster than can be explained by natural melting.

Averaged over their entire areas, within the period 1960– 2003 glaciers in Patagonia and Alaska have thinned by ap- proximately 35 m and 25 m, respectively, whereas high mountain glaciers in Asia have thinned by over 10 m. Data for Patagonia and Alaska are computed from glacier surface elevations for dozens of glaciers. In many other high moun- tain environments such as the Himalayas and the high Andes, where data are limited due to bo...

The bulk of water supply for Nairobi comes from Thika, Sasumua and Ruiru Dams, as well as the Kikuyu Springs. Over time water supply for the city has failed to meet demand. The current estimated water demand for Nairobi is 650 000 m3/day compared to the production of 482 940 m3/day (WRMA 2010). The difference between production and demand has been widening over time due to population growth, inadequacy of the carrying capacity of the distributio...

South Africa is recognised as the third most megadiverse country in the world. The abundance of biodiversity found within its borders covers an estimated ten per cent of the world’s plant species, seven per cent of all bird, six per cent of all mammal, and five per cent of all reptile species found on the planet. Due to various causes ranging from unsustainable land use and farming practices, to invasion by alien species and climate change, So...

Values for the various non-carbon ecosystem services (water, regulation of floods and landslides, fisheries, prevention and limitation of fires, agriculture, tourism, and non-timber forest products (NTFP) and biodiversity) were calculated with a discount rate of 4% over a 30-year period. Total value for ecosystem services beyond climate regulation being USD 3,735/ha.

In Nepal, the gender division of labour is highly skewed, especially when agricultural, pastoral and wage labour is combined with household, community and casual labour, and when high rates of men’s out-migration to urban cities, towns and cross-border destinations in the region and beyond, are considered. Recent comparative research on the ‘feminisation’ of agriculture and natural resource management, undertaken by ICIMOD and supported by I...