Natural forcing (solar variation and volcanic activity) alone cannot explain the recent global temperature increase. This graphic shows the temperature anomalies (in degrees Celsius) that were expected to occur due to natural forcing only, from the year 1850 to the year 2000, according to climate models, and the actual anomalies that have occurred. The graphic also shows the expected and actual anomalies due to anthropogenic (human-caused) factor...

Africa is following the global trend of recent increases in temperatures. This resource includes three graphics. The first shows the main temperature anomaly in degrees Celsius in Africa from 1900 to 2000. The second shows departures from the 1961 to 1990 average temperatures, in degrees Celsius, on a global scale for the time period 1860 to 2000. The final graphic shows departures from the 1961 to 1990 temperatures, in degrees Celsius, for the N...

The potential impacts of sea level rise on the Nile Delta are expected to include a decline in water quality that would affect freshwater fish, the flooding of agricultural land and damage to infrastructure. This graphic shows the Nile Delta region as it is today (2002), the area as it would appear with a 0.5 m sea level rise, and the area as it would appear with a 1.0 m sea level rise.

Straddling the borders of Nigeria, Chad, Niger and Cameroon in West Africa, Lake Chad has been a source of freshwater for irrigation projects in all these countries. This graphic traces the shrinkage of Lake Chad and changes in vegetation from 1963 to 2001. It includes maps of the lake from 1963, 1973, 1987, 1997 and 2001. Climatic changes and high demands for agricultural water are responsible for the lake's shrinkage.

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Recognizing that industrial society must fix this major flaw in the system, governments and many forward-looking companies started exploring solutions as early as the 1970s. The strong activism of civil society organizations and the interest of the media in cases of toxic waste dumping were central in bringing the issue on the international agenda. By the 1980s, the international community launched treaty negotiations under the auspices of the Un...

soviet civil nuclear explosions

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The rendeer population of the Barents region is broken down into 5 distinct groups to show and their range. The 5 types are: Svalbard, wild, wild forest, domesticated and wild, and domesticated or semi-domesticated. (Please note that the The Barents Euro-Arctic Council has expanded the membership since 1998)

Distribution and spawning areas of arctic cod, polar cod, herring and capelin in the Barents Sea region. The Barents region is in the Arctic and covers the area of Western Russia and the northern areas of Finland, Sweden and Norway.

The Barents region is in the Arctic and covers the area of Western Russia and the northern areas of Finland, Sweden and Norway. This map indicates the political boundaries and economic areas in the region. More importantly it shows where environmental dangers are located and the level of grazing on pastoral lands. (Please note that the The Barents Euro-Arctic Council has expanded the membership since 1998)

Forest distribution in Scandinavia is affected by several different species. This is to demonstrate the concentration of lodgepole pine (pinus contorta) in Sweden. The lodgepole pine is a tall, slender tree with a narrow loose crown reaching up to 80 feet tall.

The Barent's Euro-Arctic Council was established in 1993 to promote inter-governmental cooperation in the northenmost parts of Sweden, Norway, Finland and north-west Russia. The cooperating region includes, in the Scandinavian countries, the counties of Nordland, Troms and Finnmark in Norway, Norrbotten and Västerbotten in Sweden, and Lapland and the province of Oulu in Finland. In Russia, it includes the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk Oblasts, the Rep...

The Barents region is in the Arctic and covers the area of Western Russia and the northern areas of Finland, Sweden and Norway. The Barents Sea has an average depth 230 m, bordered by the shelf edge towards the Norwegian Sea in the west, the island of Svalbard (Norway) in the northwest, and the islands of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya (Russia) in the northeast and east. (Please note that the The Barents Euro-Arctic Council has expanded the m...