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Use constraints
Using this graphic and referring to it is encouraged, and please use it in presentations, web pages, newspapers, blogs and reports. For any form of publication, please include the link to this page and give the cartographer/designer credit (in this case Original cartography by Philippe Rekacewicz (le Monde Diplomatique) assisted by Laura Margueritte and Cecile Marin, later updated by Riccardo Pravettoni (GRID-Arendal), Novikov, Viktor (Zoi Environment Network))
Source(s)
National Caspian Action Plan of Azerbaijan, 2002; National Action Programme on Enhancement of the Environment of the Caspian Sea, Kazakhstan
2003-2012; Environmental Performance Review of Kazakhstan, UNECE, 2000; Environmental Performance Review of Azerbaijan, UNECE, 2003; Study for Safe
Management of Radioactive Sites in Turkmenistan, NATO, 2005; Environment and Security: Transforming Risks into Cooperation, Case of Central Asia, UNEP/UNDP/OSCE, 2003 ; Global Alarm: Dust and Sandstorms from the World s Drylands, UNCCD, 2001; IEA, World Energy Outlook 2010.
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Uploaded on Thursday 01 Mar 2012
by GRID-Arendal
Hazards in and around the Caspian
Year:
2012
Author:
Original cartography by Philippe Rekacewicz (le Monde Diplomatique) assisted by Laura Margueritte and Cecile Marin, later updated by Riccardo Pravettoni (GRID-Arendal), Novikov, Viktor (Zoi Environment Network)
Description:
Many opportunities are offered by the Caspian Sea region.
It is important that they are handled with care in order to
maintain the rich biological and mineral resources over
a long time. The natural wealth of the region around the
Caspian Sea in mineral resources also involves high metal
concentrations. Industrial activities, in particular mining,
are raising the metal concentration in sediments to levels
exceeding permissible limits.
Often, once the oil extraction activity stops, waste
remains and constitutes a hazard. In Kazakhstan there are
19 oilfields with 1485 oil wells in the coastal zone of the
Caspian Sea, including 148 in the flooded zone. Drilling
technology in the 1960s to 1980s did not account for the
corrosive nature of seawater and its effects on metal casing
and lay head. Over time, wells have become considerable
sources of marine pollution. Some 600 000 hectares of
land in the Atyrau and Mangystau Oblasts of Kazakhstan
are polluted with a thick layer of oil penetrating the soil
to a depth 8 to 10 metres and polluting the ground water.
About 30 000 hectares of soil on Azerbaijan’s Absheron
peninsula is polluted by oil products and various forms of
industrial waste.
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