Other reports in this collection
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ACRONYMS
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| 3-D | 3-dimensional |
| ACCS | African Climate Change Scenario |
| ADB | Asian Development Bank |
| aET | actual evapotranspiration |
| AIM | Asian-Pacific Integrated Model |
| AOGCM | atmosphere-ocean general circulation model |
| AUS | Australia |
| BBS | Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |
| BCTE | Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics (Australia) |
| BMRC | Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre (Australia) |
| BNJST | Bangladesh-Nepal Joint Study Team |
| BP | before present |
| BRS | Bureau of Resource Sciences |
| CAP | Common Agricultural Policy |
| CAST | Council for Agricultural Science and Technology |
| CCC | Canadian Climate Centre |
| CCIRG | Climate Change Impacts Review Group |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CDEA | Commission on Development and Environment for Amazonia |
| CERES | Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System |
| CNA | Central North America |
| COP | Conference of the Parties |
| CPUE | catch-per-unit-effort |
| CSIRO | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization |
| CZMP | coastal zone management plan |
| DENR | Department of Environment and Natural Resources |
| DEST | Department of Environment, Sport and Territories (Australia) |
| DGVM | dynamic global vegetation model |
| DHF | dengue hemorrhagic fever |
| DH-MWR | Department of Hydrology, Ministry of Water Resources (China) |
| DJF | winter (December-January-February)-Northern Hemisphere |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DOC | dissolved organic carbon |
| DTR | diurnal temperature range |
| EAS | East Asia |
| ECHAM | European Centre/Hamburg Model |
| ECSN | European Climate Support Network |
| EEZ | exclusive economic zone |
| EN | El Ni�o |
| ENSO | El Ni�o-Southern Oscillation |
| ESCAP | Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific |
| ESD-CAS | Earth Science Division, Chinese Academy of SciencesEU |
| EU | European Union |
| EWS | early-warning system |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization |
| FAR | First Assessment Report |
| FASOM | Forest and Agricultural Sector Optimization Model |
| FCCC | Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| FEMA | Federal Emergency Management Agency (United States) |
| FSU | former Soviet Union |
| GCM | general circulation model |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GEF | Global Environment Facility |
| GEO | Global Environment Outlook |
| GFDL | Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory |
| GHG | greenhouse gas |
| GIS | Geographic Information Systems |
| GISS | Goddard Institute for Space Studies |
| GLASOD | Global Assessment of Soil Degradation |
| GLOF | glacial lake outburst flood |
| GLSLB | Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Basin Project |
| GNP | gross national produc |
| GOB | Government of Bangladesh |
| GOI | Government of India |
| GTZ | Gesellschaft f�r Technische Zusammenarbeit (Germany) |
| GVA | Global Vulnerability Analysis |
| GVM | global vegetation model |
| GYC | general yield class |
| HEWS | health early warning systems |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HMGN | His Majesty's Government of Nepal |
| HSSW | high-salinity shelf water |
| ICIMOD | International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development |
| ICLARM | International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management |
| ICST | Ivorian Country Study Team |
| ICZM | integrated coastal zone management |
| IDRC | International Development Research Centre |
| IIASA | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis |
| IMAGE | Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| IQQM | Integrated Quantity and Quality Model |
| IRC | Insurance Research Council |
| IRRI | International Rice Research Institute |
| ISPAN | Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near-East |
| ITCZ | Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone |
| IUCN | International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| JJA | summer (June-July-August)-Northern Hemisphere |
| LAI | leaf area index |
| LLNL | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
| LPG | liquefied petroleum gas |
| MAPSS | Mapped Atmosphere-Plant-Soil System |
| MARA/ARMA | Mapping Malaria Risk in Africa |
| MBIS | Mackenzie Basin Impact Study |
| MERCOSUR | Mercado Com�n del Sur/Common Market of the South |
| MOPT | Ministerio de Obras Publicas y Transportes (Spain) |
| MPI | Max-Planck Institut f�r Meteorologie (Germany) |
| MRI | Meteorological Research Institute (Japan) |
| NAAQS | National Ambient Air Quality Standard (United States) |
| NCAR | National Center for Atmospheric Research (United States) |
| NEU | Nothern Europe |
| NGO | non-governmental organization |
| NRC | National Research Council (United States) |
| NSW | New South Wales |
| NWR | National Wildlife Refuge |
| NWT | NorthWest Territories |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development |
| OIES | Office for Interdisciplinary Earth Studies |
| ORNL | Oak Ridge National Laboratory (United States) |
| OSU | Oregon State University |
| OTA | Office of Technology Assessment (United States) |
| P | precipitation |
| PAA | Port Autonome d'Abidjan |
| PAHO | Pan American Health Organization |
| PAN | peroxyacetal nitrate |
| PCCC | Proyecto Centroamericano de Cambios Clim�ticos |
| PCSD | The President's Council on Sustainable Development |
| PE | potential evaporation |
| PEI | precipitation effectiveness index |
| pET | potential evapotranspiration |
| P:PET | precipitation:potential evapotranspiration |
| PPP | purchasing power parity |
| Pr | precipitation |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| PWWS | Philadelphia Hot Weather-Health Watch/Warning System |
| R | runoff |
| RCM | regional climate model |
| RMA | Resource Management Act (New Zealand) |
| RMSF | Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
| SAARC | South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation |
| SACZ | South Atlantic Convergence Zone |
| SADC | Southern African Development Community |
| SAH | Sahel |
| SAR | Second Assessment Report |
| SARDC | Southern African Research and Documentation Center |
| SBSTA | Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice |
| SEA | South East Asia |
| SEU | Southern Europe |
| SO | Southern Oscillation |
| SOI | Southern Oscillation Index |
| SPCZ | South Pacific Convergence Zone |
| SPREP | South Pacific Regional Environment Programme |
| SSA | sub-Saharan Africa |
| SST | sea-surface temperature |
| T | temperature |
| TAR | Third Assessment Report |
| Tmax | daily maximum temperature |
| TMF | tropical moist forest |
| Tmin | daily minimum temperature |
| UKMO | United Kingdom Meteorological Office |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNEP | UN Environment Programme |
| UNESCO | UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
| UNFCCC | UN Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| USCSP | U.S. Country Studies Program |
| USDA | U.S. Department of Agriculture |
| USEPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| UV-B | ultraviolet-B |
| VBD | vector-borne disease |
| VEMAP | Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project |
| WFC | UN World Food Council |
| WG | Working Group |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WMO | World Meteorological Organization |
| WRI | World Resources Institute |
| WSC | Weddell Scotia Confluence |
| WUE | water-use efficiency |
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CHEMICAL SYMBOLS
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| C | carbon |
| CH4 | methane |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| H2 | molecular hydrogen |
| N | nitrogen |
| NOx | nitrogen oxide |
| N2O | nitrous oxide |
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UNITS
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| SI (Syst�me Internationale) Units | ||
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||
| Physical Quantity |
Name of Unit
|
Symbol
|
|
|
||
| length |
meter
|
m
|
| mass |
kilogram
|
kg
|
| time |
second
|
s
|
| thermodynamic temperature |
kelvin
|
k
|
| amount of substance |
mole
|
mol
|
|
|
|||||
| Fraction |
Prefix
|
Symbol
|
Multiple
|
Prefix
|
Symbol
|
|
|
|||||
| 10-1 |
deci
|
d
|
10
|
deca
|
da
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| 10-2 |
centi
|
c
|
102
|
hecto
|
h
|
| 10-3 |
milli
|
m
|
103
|
kilo
|
k
|
| 10-6 |
micro
|
�
|
106
|
mega
|
M
|
| 10-9 |
nano
|
n
|
109
|
giga
|
G
|
| 10-12 |
pico
|
p
|
1012
|
tera
|
T
|
| 10-15 |
femto
|
f
|
1015
|
peta
|
P
|
| 10-18 |
atto
|
a
|
1018
|
exa
|
E
|
|
Special Names and Symbols for Certain SI-Derived Units
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| Physical Quantity |
Name of SI Unit
|
Symbol for SI Unit
|
Definition of Unit
|
|
|
|||
| force |
newton
|
N
|
kg m s-2
|
| pressure |
pascal
|
Pa
|
kg m-1 s-2 (= Nm-2)
|
| energy |
joule
|
J
|
kg m2 s-2
|
| power |
watt
|
W
|
kg m2 s-3 (= Js-1)
|
| frequency |
hertz
|
Hz
|
s-1 (cycle per second)
|
| Decimal Fractions and Multiples of SI Units Having Special Names | |||
|
|
|||
| Physical Quantity |
Name of SI Unit
|
Symbol for SI Unit
|
Definition of Unit
|
|
|
|||
| length |
�ngstrom
|
�
|
10-10 m = 10-8cm
|
| length |
micrometer
|
�m
|
10-6m = �m
|
| area |
hectare
|
ha
|
104 m2
|
| force |
dyne
|
dyn
|
10-5 N
|
| pressure |
bar
|
bar
|
105 N m-2
|
| pressure |
millibar
|
mb
|
1hPa
|
| weight |
ton
|
t
|
103 kg
|
| Non-SI Units | |
|
|
|
| �C | degrees Celsius (0�C = ~273K); Temperature differences are also given in �C rather than the more correct form of "Celsius degrees" |
| Btu | British Thermal Unit |
| kWh | kilowatt-hour |
| MWe | megawatts of electricity |
| ppmv | parts per million (106) by volume |
| ppbv | parts per billion (109) by volume |
| pptv | parts per trillion (1012) by volume |
| tce | tons of coal equivalent |
| toe | tons of oil equivalent |
| tWh | terawatt-hour |
|
Other reports in this collection |
|