IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change


Footnotes for Technical Summary

1. For example, no scenarios are included that explicitly assume implementation of the emission targets in the UNFCCC and the Kyoto protocol.

2. Metric tons are used throughout this report. Unless otherwise specified, monetary units are 1990 US dollars (see Chapter 4).

3. Alcamo and Nakic�enovic�, 1998; Alcamo and Swart, 1998; Anderson, 1998; Gaffin, 1998; Gregory, 1998; Gregory and Rogner, 1998; Gr�bler, 1998; Michaelis, 1998; Morita and Lee, 1998; Nakic�enovic� et al., 1998; Price et al., 1998; de Vries et al., 2000; Fenhann, 2000; Jiang et al., 2000, Jung et al., 2000; Kram et al., 2000; Mori, 2000; Nakic�enovic�, 2000; Riahi and Roehrl, 2000; Roehrl and Riahi, 2000; Sankovski et al., 2000.

4. The 1990 emissions from energy production and use are estimated by Marland et al. (1994) at 5.9 GtC excluding cement production. The 1990 base year values in the scenarios reviewed range from 4.8 (CETA/EMF14, Scenario MAGICC CO2 ) to 6.4 GtC (ICAM2/EMF14), see Dowlatabadi et al., 1995; Peck and Teisberg, 1995.

5. This classification is based on a subjective evaluation of the scenarios in the database by the members of the writing team and is explained in Chapter 2. It was not possible to develop an equivalent classification for land-use emissions scenarios.

6. In particular, in the IPCC WGI Second Assessment Report (SAR) GWPs are calculated for constant concentrations (Houghton et al., 1996). In long-term scenarios, concentrations may change significantly, as do GWP values. It is unclear how to apply GWPs to long-term scenarios in a meaningful manner. In addition, the GWP approach is not applicable to gases such as SO2 and ozone precursors.